Jorge Arce & Humano Puerto Rico and Afro-Caribbean Culture 6 Dennison St., Boston, MA 02119 787-364-0198  787-296-2587 jorgearce.humano@gmail.com Tour and Classes Updates on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/jorgearce.humano "Weaving Horizons: knowing, embracing and respecting other cultures in our Caribbean, our continent and in our world. This is the mission and the message of Afro-Caribbean Workshop which highlights the importance of this presentation at this crucial moment in our history." "La misi�n y mensaje de Afro-Caribe�o de Entrelazando Horizontes a trav�s del conocimiento y respeto hacia otras culturas que conforman nuestro caribe, nuestro continente y nuestro mundo, cobra especial vigencia en estos momentos hist�ricos." CLICK ON TEXT BUTTONS AND SCROLL DOWN PAGE FOR DETAILS Program Descriptions Biography Profile and Resume Afro-Caribbean Workshop Curriculum Guide Press Kit PDF & Photographs Puerto Rico Cultural Heritage Tours Music MP3 and Video Files African Retentions In Puerto Rico Thesis Tour Calendar Salsa Dance Lessons Donations

For translations into different languages -- Arabic, Chinese, Italian, French, German, Russian, Spanish or others visit the web site: https://babel.altavista.com

Suggested Activities Before the Performance

1. Locate Puerto Rico and Caribbean Islands on a world map or globe.
2. Discuss the Slave trade with students, pointing out trade routes on a map. Show diagram of the interior of a slave ship.
3. Acquaint students with information found in this guide.

Suggested Activities After the Performance

1. Ask class members to imagine themselves as Africans taken from Africa to America and sold as slaves. Have them write about their journey in a journal, a letter, a ballad or poem.
2. Students may prepare a bulletin board display of Afro-Caribbean and Latin-American art.
3. Older students may research Afro-Caribbean and Latin-American achievements in such fields as art, music, science, politics, sports and literature.
4. Ask students to recall games and songs they have learned informally such as "on the playground" or "in the neighborhood".
5. You may wish to use the following discussion questions:
   • Do you recognize any of the songs or games used in the program? Which ones?
   • Why do you think music was such an important part of the lives of people?
   • What do we learn about people from their songs?
   • How were songs and games preserved or passed onto future generations?

Related Study Topics

Social Studies

Settlement of various groups of people in the Americas

1. Taino & Native American Indians
2. European Immigrants
3. Africans
4. More recent immigration

Geography

Students trace own individual ancestry

Art

Students create masks, displays, flags, artifacts, musical instruments and native dress of their ancestry.

Theater

Skits depicting life in country of origin as well as the presentation of music, games, and costumes of each heritage.

Community Projects

International dinner incorporating foods, music, dress, dance and activities indigenous to each culture.

Afro-Caribbean Vocabulary Words for Review

Cocolo [ Ko'kolo ]- young people who are opposed to "hard rock." People who dance mostly "salsa" or Afro-Caribbean rhythm, or sympathize more with "soul rock."

Congo [ 'k�ng� ] - person originally from Congo, Africa.

Mandinga [ m�'nding� ] - term used for black skin people.

Tambor [ t�m'b�r ] - drum.

Tumba [ 'tumb� ] - drum.

Tumbadora [tumb�'d�r] - Afro-Cuban drum.

Conga [ 'k�ng� ] - name used for Afro- Cuban dance and drum.

Bomba ['b�mb� ] - name used for Afro-Puerto Rican dance and drum.

Rumba ['rumb�] - type of Afro-Cuban music and dance.

Bong� [b�n'g�] - type of instrument; two small drums joined by a piece of wood.

Chongo['t��ng�] or Chongolo [ 't��ng�l�] - nicknames.

Coco ['k�k�] -palm trees' fruit. Palm trees that were brought from Africa.

Bemb�n [ bEm'b�n] - big lips person.

Bemba ['bEmb�] - big lips.

Gandinga [g�n'ding�] - pork or beef part.

Sancocho[s�n'k�t��] - stew in which meat and potatoes are combined.

Mondongo [m�n'd�ng�] - pork or beef stripe.

Ago g� [�g�'g�] - musical instrument dance.

Gandul [g�n'dul] - green peas.

Fuf� [fu'fu] - witchcraft.

Baquin� [b�ki'nE] - funeral celebration to a dead baby.

Motet� [mo'tEtE] - bar or any bundle that you carry.

Candungo [kan'dung�] - pail for water.

Bachata ba't��t�] - party, happening.

Guateque [gu'teke] - party.

Mofongo m�'f�ng�] - type of food. Made from a combination of plantain, garlic and a piece of pork fat.

Titing� titin'g�] - quarrel, fight, battle.

Milonga [mi'l�ng�] - In Loiza, a town in the North of the Island, the word was used to denominate a type of Bomba dance.

 
Key Words for Vowels Sounds

Symbols...............Key Spelling.................Spoken Form

�...............................sang...............................[s�ng]

E...............................get....................................[gEt]

i..................................bee....................................[bi]

�................................saw...................................[s�w]

u...............................tooth.................................[tuth]

 
Other Combinations

1. qu + i or e = [ki or ke]
2. [ ' ] stress following syllable Example: Baquin� = [baki'ne]
3. t� for ch Example: Chongo= [ 't��ng�]
   

References:

• Alvarez Nazario, Manuel. El Elemento Afronegroide en el Espa�ol en Puerto Rico. ICP, 1974, Puerto Rico.
• Daily words and denominations collected by Jorge Arce.
• Kentyon and Knott: "A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English." Springfield, MA.: Merriam Webster, 1953.